NAU publications by CHER
Faculty & staff publications
NAU faculty and staff have the opportunity to publish their findings and knowledge as authors. CHER has many researchers that have been cited multiple times in major publications for their great work. The Center for Health Equity Research has accumulated all faculty publications into one, easy to navigate database.
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Baldwin, Julie A; Lowe, John; Brooks, Jada; Charbonneau-Dahlen, Barbara K; Lawrence, Gary; Johnson-Jennings, Michelle; Padgett, Gary; Kelley, Melessa; Camplain, Carolyn Health Promotion Practice, 2020. @article{Baldwin2020, title = {Formative Research and Cultural Tailoring of a Substance Abuse Prevention Program for American Indian Youth: Findings from the Intertribal Talking Circle Intervention}, author = {Julie A. Baldwin and John Lowe and Jada Brooks and Barbara K. Charbonneau-Dahlen and Gary Lawrence and Michelle Johnson-Jennings and Gary Padgett and Melessa Kelley and Carolyn Camplain}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1177/1524839920918551}, doi = {10.1177/1524839920918551}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-05-14}, journal = {Health Promotion Practice}, abstract = {Substance use among American Indians (AIs) is a critical health issue and accounts for many health problems such as chronic liver disease, cirrhosis, behavioral health conditions, homicide, suicide, and motor vehicle accidents. In 2013, the highest rates of substance use and dependence were seen among AIs when compared to all other population groups, although these rates vary across different tribes. Among AI adolescents, high rates of substance use have been associated with environmental and historical factors, including poverty, historical trauma, bicultural stress, and changing tribal/familial roles. Our project, the Intertribal Talking Circle intervention, involved adapting, tailoring, implementing, and evaluating an existing intervention for AI youth of three tribal communities in the United States. Formative Results. Community partnership committees (CPCs) identified alcohol, marijuana, and prescription medications as high priority substances. CPC concerns focused on the increasing substance use in their communities and the corresponding negative impacts on families, stating a lack of coping skills, positive role models, and hope for the future as concerns for youth. Cultural Tailoring Process Results. Each site formed a CPC that culturally tailored the intervention for their tribal community. This included translating Keetoowah-Cherokee language, cultural practices, and symbolism into the local tribal customs for relevance. The CPCs were essential for incorporating local context and perceived concerns around AI adolescent substance use. These results may be helpful to other tribal communities developing/implementing substance use prevention interventions for AI youth. It is critical that Indigenous cultures and local context be factored into such programs.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Substance use among American Indians (AIs) is a critical health issue and accounts for many health problems such as chronic liver disease, cirrhosis, behavioral health conditions, homicide, suicide, and motor vehicle accidents. In 2013, the highest rates of substance use and dependence were seen among AIs when compared to all other population groups, although these rates vary across different tribes. Among AI adolescents, high rates of substance use have been associated with environmental and historical factors, including poverty, historical trauma, bicultural stress, and changing tribal/familial roles. Our project, the Intertribal Talking Circle intervention, involved adapting, tailoring, implementing, and evaluating an existing intervention for AI youth of three tribal communities in the United States. Formative Results. Community partnership committees (CPCs) identified alcohol, marijuana, and prescription medications as high priority substances. CPC concerns focused on the increasing substance use in their communities and the corresponding negative impacts on families, stating a lack of coping skills, positive role models, and hope for the future as concerns for youth. Cultural Tailoring Process Results. Each site formed a CPC that culturally tailored the intervention for their tribal community. This included translating Keetoowah-Cherokee language, cultural practices, and symbolism into the local tribal customs for relevance. The CPCs were essential for incorporating local context and perceived concerns around AI adolescent substance use. These results may be helpful to other tribal communities developing/implementing substance use prevention interventions for AI youth. It is critical that Indigenous cultures and local context be factored into such programs. |
Pro, George; Sahker, Ethan; Baldwin, Julie Incarceration as a barrier to U.S. alcohol and drug treatment completion: A multilevel analysis of racial/ethnic and sex disparities Journal Article Journal of Behavioral Health Services & Research, 2020. @article{Pro2020e, title = {Incarceration as a barrier to U.S. alcohol and drug treatment completion: A multilevel analysis of racial/ethnic and sex disparities}, author = {George Pro and Ethan Sahker and Julie Baldwin}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s11414-020-09703-7}, doi = {10.1007/s11414-020-09703-7}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-04-29}, journal = {Journal of Behavioral Health Services & Research}, abstract = {Incarceration may be an overlooked reason for treatment non-completion experienced disproportionately by African Americans. This study utilized multilevel logistic regression to model treatment non-completion due to incarceration using the 2015–2016 Treatment Episode Dataset–Discharges. Among a sample restricted to treatment non-completers (n = 306,008), 5% terminated treatment because they became incarcerated (n = 13,082), which varied widely by demographics and by state. In Idaho, 46% of African Americans terminated treatment because they became incarcerated. Women had lower odds of treatment non-completion than men, and the effect of sex was strongest among African Americans (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 0.30, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] = 0.26–0.34). Among men, all racial/ethnic minority groups demonstrated significantly higher odds of treatment non-completion due to incarceration compared with Whites, and the strongest effect was among African Americans (aOR = 1.37, 95% CI = 1.29–1.44). Incarceration as a reason for treatment non-completion disproportionately affects African Americans and men and varies by state. Interventions targeting incarceration alternatives should be availed to racial/ethnic minorities already participating in treatment.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Incarceration may be an overlooked reason for treatment non-completion experienced disproportionately by African Americans. This study utilized multilevel logistic regression to model treatment non-completion due to incarceration using the 2015–2016 Treatment Episode Dataset–Discharges. Among a sample restricted to treatment non-completers (n = 306,008), 5% terminated treatment because they became incarcerated (n = 13,082), which varied widely by demographics and by state. In Idaho, 46% of African Americans terminated treatment because they became incarcerated. Women had lower odds of treatment non-completion than men, and the effect of sex was strongest among African Americans (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 0.30, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] = 0.26–0.34). Among men, all racial/ethnic minority groups demonstrated significantly higher odds of treatment non-completion due to incarceration compared with Whites, and the strongest effect was among African Americans (aOR = 1.37, 95% CI = 1.29–1.44). Incarceration as a reason for treatment non-completion disproportionately affects African Americans and men and varies by state. Interventions targeting incarceration alternatives should be availed to racial/ethnic minorities already participating in treatment. |
Pro, George; Camplain, Ricky; Sabo, Samantha; Baldwin, Julie; Gilbert, Paul Substance abuse treatment in correctional versus non-correctional settings: Analysis of racial/ethnic and gender disparities Journal Article Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice, 12 (3), pp. 1-20, 2019. @article{Pro2019, title = {Substance abuse treatment in correctional versus non-correctional settings: Analysis of racial/ethnic and gender disparities}, author = {George Pro and Ricky Camplain and Samantha Sabo and Julie Baldwin and Paul Gilbert}, url = {https://digitalscholarship.unlv.edu/jhdrp/vol12/iss3/1/}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-11-01}, journal = {Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice}, volume = {12}, number = {3}, pages = {1-20}, abstract = {Alcohol and drug abuse are widespread in the US. Substance abuse treatment services are effective, but utilization of services is low, particularly among African Americans, Hispanics, and women. Substance abuse is strongly associated with incarceration, and African Americans and Hispanics make up a disproportionate percentage of individuals with substance abuse problems involved in the criminal justice system. High treatment need, low treatment uptake, and the association between substance abuse and incarceration have led, in part, to correctional institutions filling the treatment gap by increasingly providing safety-net treatment services. We sought to better understand racial/ethnic and gender differences in determinants of treatment location (jail or prison versus non-correctional settings) among treatment-seeking adults.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Alcohol and drug abuse are widespread in the US. Substance abuse treatment services are effective, but utilization of services is low, particularly among African Americans, Hispanics, and women. Substance abuse is strongly associated with incarceration, and African Americans and Hispanics make up a disproportionate percentage of individuals with substance abuse problems involved in the criminal justice system. High treatment need, low treatment uptake, and the association between substance abuse and incarceration have led, in part, to correctional institutions filling the treatment gap by increasingly providing safety-net treatment services. We sought to better understand racial/ethnic and gender differences in determinants of treatment location (jail or prison versus non-correctional settings) among treatment-seeking adults. |
Valdez, Elizabeth Salerno; Korchmaros, Josephine; Sabo, Samantha; Garcia, David O; Carvajal, Scott; Stevens, Sally How the U.S.-Mexico border influences adolescent substance use: Youth participatory action research using photovoice Journal Article International Journal of Drug Policy, 2019. @article{Valdez2019b, title = {How the U.S.-Mexico border influences adolescent substance use: Youth participatory action research using photovoice}, author = {Elizabeth Salerno Valdez and Josephine Korchmaros and Samantha Sabo and David O. Garcia and Scott Carvajal and Sally Stevens}, url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0955395919301896}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2019.07.011}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-07-26}, journal = {International Journal of Drug Policy}, abstract = {Introduction The purpose of this study is to use Youth Participatory Action Research (YPAR) methods and Photovoice to identify the perceived environmental factors that influence substance use among adolescents living at the U.S.-Mexico border. Methods One academic and a local youth health coalition engaged in Youth Participatory Action Research (YPAR) using Photovoice and qualitative methods to examine the perceived factors influencing adolescent substance use in their border community. Results Identified novel risk factors for adolescent substance use on the border included the normalization of drug trafficking, normalization of substance use, and cross-border access to substances. Novel protective factors included living in a close-knit binational community and having strong binational family and social support systems. The findings also illustrate a nexus of 'factors' wherein risk and protective elements overlap. Conclusion This study contributes to the broader literature on international border health and how living in a border space influences adolescent substance use. The examination of influential border-bound factors provides a more complete understanding of the experiences of youth living on the U.S.-Mexico border, and informs the field of the importance of considering the border experience for future prevention and risk reduction efforts with border adolescents.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Introduction The purpose of this study is to use Youth Participatory Action Research (YPAR) methods and Photovoice to identify the perceived environmental factors that influence substance use among adolescents living at the U.S.-Mexico border. Methods One academic and a local youth health coalition engaged in Youth Participatory Action Research (YPAR) using Photovoice and qualitative methods to examine the perceived factors influencing adolescent substance use in their border community. Results Identified novel risk factors for adolescent substance use on the border included the normalization of drug trafficking, normalization of substance use, and cross-border access to substances. Novel protective factors included living in a close-knit binational community and having strong binational family and social support systems. The findings also illustrate a nexus of 'factors' wherein risk and protective elements overlap. Conclusion This study contributes to the broader literature on international border health and how living in a border space influences adolescent substance use. The examination of influential border-bound factors provides a more complete understanding of the experiences of youth living on the U.S.-Mexico border, and informs the field of the importance of considering the border experience for future prevention and risk reduction efforts with border adolescents. |
2020 |
Baldwin, Julie A; Lowe, John; Brooks, Jada; Charbonneau-Dahlen, Barbara K; Lawrence, Gary; Johnson-Jennings, Michelle; Padgett, Gary; Kelley, Melessa; Camplain, Carolyn Health Promotion Practice, 2020. @article{Baldwin2020, title = {Formative Research and Cultural Tailoring of a Substance Abuse Prevention Program for American Indian Youth: Findings from the Intertribal Talking Circle Intervention}, author = {Julie A. Baldwin and John Lowe and Jada Brooks and Barbara K. Charbonneau-Dahlen and Gary Lawrence and Michelle Johnson-Jennings and Gary Padgett and Melessa Kelley and Carolyn Camplain}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1177/1524839920918551}, doi = {10.1177/1524839920918551}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-05-14}, journal = {Health Promotion Practice}, abstract = {Substance use among American Indians (AIs) is a critical health issue and accounts for many health problems such as chronic liver disease, cirrhosis, behavioral health conditions, homicide, suicide, and motor vehicle accidents. In 2013, the highest rates of substance use and dependence were seen among AIs when compared to all other population groups, although these rates vary across different tribes. Among AI adolescents, high rates of substance use have been associated with environmental and historical factors, including poverty, historical trauma, bicultural stress, and changing tribal/familial roles. Our project, the Intertribal Talking Circle intervention, involved adapting, tailoring, implementing, and evaluating an existing intervention for AI youth of three tribal communities in the United States. Formative Results. Community partnership committees (CPCs) identified alcohol, marijuana, and prescription medications as high priority substances. CPC concerns focused on the increasing substance use in their communities and the corresponding negative impacts on families, stating a lack of coping skills, positive role models, and hope for the future as concerns for youth. Cultural Tailoring Process Results. Each site formed a CPC that culturally tailored the intervention for their tribal community. This included translating Keetoowah-Cherokee language, cultural practices, and symbolism into the local tribal customs for relevance. The CPCs were essential for incorporating local context and perceived concerns around AI adolescent substance use. These results may be helpful to other tribal communities developing/implementing substance use prevention interventions for AI youth. It is critical that Indigenous cultures and local context be factored into such programs.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Substance use among American Indians (AIs) is a critical health issue and accounts for many health problems such as chronic liver disease, cirrhosis, behavioral health conditions, homicide, suicide, and motor vehicle accidents. In 2013, the highest rates of substance use and dependence were seen among AIs when compared to all other population groups, although these rates vary across different tribes. Among AI adolescents, high rates of substance use have been associated with environmental and historical factors, including poverty, historical trauma, bicultural stress, and changing tribal/familial roles. Our project, the Intertribal Talking Circle intervention, involved adapting, tailoring, implementing, and evaluating an existing intervention for AI youth of three tribal communities in the United States. Formative Results. Community partnership committees (CPCs) identified alcohol, marijuana, and prescription medications as high priority substances. CPC concerns focused on the increasing substance use in their communities and the corresponding negative impacts on families, stating a lack of coping skills, positive role models, and hope for the future as concerns for youth. Cultural Tailoring Process Results. Each site formed a CPC that culturally tailored the intervention for their tribal community. This included translating Keetoowah-Cherokee language, cultural practices, and symbolism into the local tribal customs for relevance. The CPCs were essential for incorporating local context and perceived concerns around AI adolescent substance use. These results may be helpful to other tribal communities developing/implementing substance use prevention interventions for AI youth. It is critical that Indigenous cultures and local context be factored into such programs. |
Pro, George; Sahker, Ethan; Baldwin, Julie Incarceration as a barrier to U.S. alcohol and drug treatment completion: A multilevel analysis of racial/ethnic and sex disparities Journal Article Journal of Behavioral Health Services & Research, 2020. @article{Pro2020e, title = {Incarceration as a barrier to U.S. alcohol and drug treatment completion: A multilevel analysis of racial/ethnic and sex disparities}, author = {George Pro and Ethan Sahker and Julie Baldwin}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s11414-020-09703-7}, doi = {10.1007/s11414-020-09703-7}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-04-29}, journal = {Journal of Behavioral Health Services & Research}, abstract = {Incarceration may be an overlooked reason for treatment non-completion experienced disproportionately by African Americans. This study utilized multilevel logistic regression to model treatment non-completion due to incarceration using the 2015–2016 Treatment Episode Dataset–Discharges. Among a sample restricted to treatment non-completers (n = 306,008), 5% terminated treatment because they became incarcerated (n = 13,082), which varied widely by demographics and by state. In Idaho, 46% of African Americans terminated treatment because they became incarcerated. Women had lower odds of treatment non-completion than men, and the effect of sex was strongest among African Americans (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 0.30, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] = 0.26–0.34). Among men, all racial/ethnic minority groups demonstrated significantly higher odds of treatment non-completion due to incarceration compared with Whites, and the strongest effect was among African Americans (aOR = 1.37, 95% CI = 1.29–1.44). Incarceration as a reason for treatment non-completion disproportionately affects African Americans and men and varies by state. Interventions targeting incarceration alternatives should be availed to racial/ethnic minorities already participating in treatment.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Incarceration may be an overlooked reason for treatment non-completion experienced disproportionately by African Americans. This study utilized multilevel logistic regression to model treatment non-completion due to incarceration using the 2015–2016 Treatment Episode Dataset–Discharges. Among a sample restricted to treatment non-completers (n = 306,008), 5% terminated treatment because they became incarcerated (n = 13,082), which varied widely by demographics and by state. In Idaho, 46% of African Americans terminated treatment because they became incarcerated. Women had lower odds of treatment non-completion than men, and the effect of sex was strongest among African Americans (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 0.30, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] = 0.26–0.34). Among men, all racial/ethnic minority groups demonstrated significantly higher odds of treatment non-completion due to incarceration compared with Whites, and the strongest effect was among African Americans (aOR = 1.37, 95% CI = 1.29–1.44). Incarceration as a reason for treatment non-completion disproportionately affects African Americans and men and varies by state. Interventions targeting incarceration alternatives should be availed to racial/ethnic minorities already participating in treatment. |
2019 |
Pro, George; Camplain, Ricky; Sabo, Samantha; Baldwin, Julie; Gilbert, Paul Substance abuse treatment in correctional versus non-correctional settings: Analysis of racial/ethnic and gender disparities Journal Article Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice, 12 (3), pp. 1-20, 2019. @article{Pro2019, title = {Substance abuse treatment in correctional versus non-correctional settings: Analysis of racial/ethnic and gender disparities}, author = {George Pro and Ricky Camplain and Samantha Sabo and Julie Baldwin and Paul Gilbert}, url = {https://digitalscholarship.unlv.edu/jhdrp/vol12/iss3/1/}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-11-01}, journal = {Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice}, volume = {12}, number = {3}, pages = {1-20}, abstract = {Alcohol and drug abuse are widespread in the US. Substance abuse treatment services are effective, but utilization of services is low, particularly among African Americans, Hispanics, and women. Substance abuse is strongly associated with incarceration, and African Americans and Hispanics make up a disproportionate percentage of individuals with substance abuse problems involved in the criminal justice system. High treatment need, low treatment uptake, and the association between substance abuse and incarceration have led, in part, to correctional institutions filling the treatment gap by increasingly providing safety-net treatment services. We sought to better understand racial/ethnic and gender differences in determinants of treatment location (jail or prison versus non-correctional settings) among treatment-seeking adults.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Alcohol and drug abuse are widespread in the US. Substance abuse treatment services are effective, but utilization of services is low, particularly among African Americans, Hispanics, and women. Substance abuse is strongly associated with incarceration, and African Americans and Hispanics make up a disproportionate percentage of individuals with substance abuse problems involved in the criminal justice system. High treatment need, low treatment uptake, and the association between substance abuse and incarceration have led, in part, to correctional institutions filling the treatment gap by increasingly providing safety-net treatment services. We sought to better understand racial/ethnic and gender differences in determinants of treatment location (jail or prison versus non-correctional settings) among treatment-seeking adults. |
Valdez, Elizabeth Salerno; Korchmaros, Josephine; Sabo, Samantha; Garcia, David O; Carvajal, Scott; Stevens, Sally How the U.S.-Mexico border influences adolescent substance use: Youth participatory action research using photovoice Journal Article International Journal of Drug Policy, 2019. @article{Valdez2019b, title = {How the U.S.-Mexico border influences adolescent substance use: Youth participatory action research using photovoice}, author = {Elizabeth Salerno Valdez and Josephine Korchmaros and Samantha Sabo and David O. Garcia and Scott Carvajal and Sally Stevens}, url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0955395919301896}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2019.07.011}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-07-26}, journal = {International Journal of Drug Policy}, abstract = {Introduction The purpose of this study is to use Youth Participatory Action Research (YPAR) methods and Photovoice to identify the perceived environmental factors that influence substance use among adolescents living at the U.S.-Mexico border. Methods One academic and a local youth health coalition engaged in Youth Participatory Action Research (YPAR) using Photovoice and qualitative methods to examine the perceived factors influencing adolescent substance use in their border community. Results Identified novel risk factors for adolescent substance use on the border included the normalization of drug trafficking, normalization of substance use, and cross-border access to substances. Novel protective factors included living in a close-knit binational community and having strong binational family and social support systems. The findings also illustrate a nexus of 'factors' wherein risk and protective elements overlap. Conclusion This study contributes to the broader literature on international border health and how living in a border space influences adolescent substance use. The examination of influential border-bound factors provides a more complete understanding of the experiences of youth living on the U.S.-Mexico border, and informs the field of the importance of considering the border experience for future prevention and risk reduction efforts with border adolescents.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Introduction The purpose of this study is to use Youth Participatory Action Research (YPAR) methods and Photovoice to identify the perceived environmental factors that influence substance use among adolescents living at the U.S.-Mexico border. Methods One academic and a local youth health coalition engaged in Youth Participatory Action Research (YPAR) using Photovoice and qualitative methods to examine the perceived factors influencing adolescent substance use in their border community. Results Identified novel risk factors for adolescent substance use on the border included the normalization of drug trafficking, normalization of substance use, and cross-border access to substances. Novel protective factors included living in a close-knit binational community and having strong binational family and social support systems. The findings also illustrate a nexus of 'factors' wherein risk and protective elements overlap. Conclusion This study contributes to the broader literature on international border health and how living in a border space influences adolescent substance use. The examination of influential border-bound factors provides a more complete understanding of the experiences of youth living on the U.S.-Mexico border, and informs the field of the importance of considering the border experience for future prevention and risk reduction efforts with border adolescents. |